Refactored BitVector methods to resolve ambiguity
[Mograsim.git] / net.mograsim.logic.core / src / net / mograsim / logic / core / wires / Wire.java
index d73ee61..6310d5b 100644 (file)
-package net.mograsim.logic.core.wires;
-
-import static net.mograsim.logic.core.types.Bit.U;
-import static net.mograsim.logic.core.types.Bit.Z;
-
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
-
-import net.mograsim.logic.core.timeline.Timeline;
-import net.mograsim.logic.core.types.Bit;
-import net.mograsim.logic.core.types.BitVector;
-import net.mograsim.logic.core.types.BitVector.BitVectorMutator;
-
-/**
- * Represents an array of wires that can store n bits of information.
- * 
- * @author Fabian Stemmler
- *
- */
-public class Wire
-{
-       private BitVector values;
-       public final int travelTime;
-       private List<ReadEnd> attached = new ArrayList<ReadEnd>();
-       public final int length;
-       private List<ReadWriteEnd> inputs = new ArrayList<ReadWriteEnd>();
-       private Timeline timeline;
-
-       public Wire(Timeline timeline, int length, int travelTime)
-       {
-               if (length < 1)
-                       throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                                       String.format("Tried to create an array of wires with length %d, but a length of less than 1 makes no sense.", length));
-               this.timeline = timeline;
-               this.length = length;
-               this.travelTime = travelTime;
-               initValues();
-       }
-
-       private void initValues()
-       {
-               values = U.toVector(length);
-       }
-
-       private void recalculateSingleInput()
-       {
-               setNewValues(inputs.get(0).getInputValues());
-       }
-
-       private void recalculateMultipleInputs()
-       {
-               BitVectorMutator mutator = BitVectorMutator.empty();
-               for (ReadWriteEnd wireArrayEnd : inputs)
-                       mutator.join(wireArrayEnd.getInputValues());
-               setNewValues(mutator.get());
-       }
-
-       private void setNewValues(BitVector newValues)
-       {
-               if (values.equals(newValues))
-                       return;
-               BitVector oldValues = values;
-               values = newValues;
-               notifyObservers(oldValues);
-       }
-
-       private void recalculate()
-       {
-               switch (inputs.size())
-               {
-               case 0:
-                       return;
-               case 1:
-                       recalculateSingleInput();
-                       break;
-               default:
-                       recalculateMultipleInputs();
-               }
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as an unsigned integer with n bits.
-        * 
-        * @return <code>true</code> if all bits are either <code>Bit.ONE</code> or <code>Bit.ZERO</code> (they do not all have to have the same
-        *         value), not <code>Bit.X</code> or <code>Bit.Z</code>. <code>false</code> is returned otherwise.
-        * 
-        * @author Fabian Stemmler
-        */
-       public boolean hasNumericValue()
-       {
-               for (Bit b : values)
-               {
-                       if (b != Bit.ZERO && b != Bit.ONE)
-                               return false;
-               }
-               return true;
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as an unsigned integer with n bits.
-        * 
-        * @return The unsigned value of the {@link Wire}'s bits, where value 0 corresponds with 2^0, value 1 is 2^1 and so on.
-        * 
-        * @author Fabian Stemmler
-        */
-       public long getUnsignedValue()
-       {
-               long val = 0;
-               long mask = 1;
-               for (Bit bit : values)
-               {
-                       switch (bit)
-                       {
-                       default:
-                       case Z:
-                       case X:
-                               return 0; // TODO: Proper handling for getUnsignedValue(), if not all bits are 1 or 0;
-                       case ONE:
-                               val |= mask;
-                               break;
-                       case ZERO:
-                       }
-                       mask = mask << 1;
-               }
-               return val;
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as a signed integer with n bits.
-        * 
-        * @return The signed value of the {@link Wire}'s bits, where value 0 corresponds with 2^0, value 1 is 2^1 and so on.
-        * 
-        * @author Fabian Stemmler
-        */
-       public long getSignedValue()
-       {
-               long val = getUnsignedValue();
-               long mask = 1 << (length - 1);
-               if ((mask & val) != 0)
-               {
-                       int shifts = 64 - length;
-                       return (val << shifts) >> shifts;
-               }
-               return val;
-       }
-
-       public Bit getValue()
-       {
-               return getValue(0);
-       }
-
-       public Bit getValue(int index)
-       {
-               return values.getBit(index);
-       }
-
-       public BitVector getValues(int start, int end)
-       {
-               return values.subVector(start, end);
-       }
-
-       public BitVector getValues()
-       {
-               return values;
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * Adds an {@link WireObserver}, who will be notified when the value of the {@link Wire} is updated.
-        * 
-        * @param ob The {@link WireObserver} to be notified of changes.
-        * @return true if the given {@link WireObserver} was not already registered, false otherwise
-        * 
-        * @author Fabian Stemmler
-        */
-       private void attachEnd(ReadEnd end)
-       {
-               attached.add(end);
-       }
-
-       private void detachEnd(ReadEnd end)
-       {
-               attached.remove(end);
-       }
-
-       private void notifyObservers(BitVector oldValues)
-       {
-               for (ReadEnd o : attached)
-                       o.update(oldValues);
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * Create and register a {@link ReadWriteEnd} object, which is tied to this {@link Wire}. This {@link ReadWriteEnd} can be written to.
-        */
-       public ReadWriteEnd createReadWriteEnd()
-       {
-               return new ReadWriteEnd();
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * Create a {@link ReadEnd} object, which is tied to this {@link Wire}. This {@link ReadEnd} cannot be written to.
-        */
-       public ReadEnd createReadOnlyEnd()
-       {
-               return new ReadEnd();
-       }
-
-       private void registerInput(ReadWriteEnd toRegister)
-       {
-               inputs.add(toRegister);
-       }
-
-       /**
-        * A {@link ReadEnd} feeds a constant signal into the {@link Wire} it is tied to. The combination of all inputs determines the
-        * {@link Wire}s final value. X dominates all other inputs Z does not affect the final value, unless there are no other inputs than Z 0
-        * and 1 turn into X when they are mixed
-        * 
-        * @author Fabian Stemmler
-        */
-       public class ReadEnd
-       {
-               private List<WireObserver> observers = new ArrayList<WireObserver>();
-
-               private ReadEnd()
-               {
-                       super();
-                       Wire.this.attachEnd(this);
-               }
-
-               public void update(BitVector oldValues)
-               {
-                       for (WireObserver ob : observers)
-                               ob.update(this, oldValues);
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * Included for convenient use on {@link Wire}s of length 1.
-                * 
-                * @return The value of bit 0.
-                * 
-                * @author Fabian Stemmler
-                */
-               public Bit getValue()
-               {
-                       return Wire.this.getValue();
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * @param index Index of the requested bit.
-                * @return The value of the indexed bit.
-                * 
-                * @author Fabian Stemmler
-                */
-               public Bit getValue(int index)
-               {
-                       return Wire.this.getValue(index);
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * @param index Index of the requested bit.
-                * @return The value of the indexed bit.
-                * 
-                * @author Fabian Stemmler
-                */
-               public BitVector getValues()
-               {
-                       return Wire.this.getValues();
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * @param start Start of the wanted segment. (inclusive)
-                * @param end   End of the wanted segment. (exclusive)
-                * @return The values of the segment of {@link Bit}s indexed.
-                * 
-                * @author Fabian Stemmler
-                */
-               public BitVector getValues(int start, int end)
-               {
-                       return Wire.this.getValues(start, end);
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as an unsigned integer with n bits.
-                * 
-                * @return <code>true</code> if all bits are either <code>Bit.ONE</code> or <code>Bit.ZERO</code> (they do not all have to have the
-                *         same value), not <code>Bit.X</code> or <code>Bit.Z</code>. <code>false</code> is returned otherwise.
-                * 
-                * @author Fabian Stemmler
-                */
-               public boolean hasNumericValue()
-               {
-                       return Wire.this.hasNumericValue();
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as an unsigned integer with n bits.
-                * 
-                * @return The unsigned value of the {@link Wire}'s bits, where value 0 corresponds with 2^0, value 1 is 2^1 and so on.
-                * 
-                * @author Fabian Stemmler
-                */
-               public long getUnsignedValue()
-               {
-                       return Wire.this.getUnsignedValue();
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as a signed integer with n bits.
-                * 
-                * @return The signed value of the {@link Wire}'s bits, where value 0 corresponds with 2^0, value 1 is 2^1 and so on.
-                * 
-                * @author Fabian Stemmler
-                */
-               public long getSignedValue()
-               {
-                       return Wire.this.getSignedValue();
-               }
-
-               @Override
-               public String toString()
-               {
-                       return Wire.this.toString();
-               }
-
-               public void close()
-               {
-                       inputs.remove(this);
-                       detachEnd(this);
-                       recalculate();
-               }
-
-               public int length()
-               {
-                       return length;
-               }
-
-               public boolean addObserver(WireObserver ob)
-               {
-                       return observers.add(ob);
-               }
-
-               public Wire getWire()
-               {
-                       return Wire.this;
-               }
-       }
-
-       public class ReadWriteEnd extends ReadEnd
-       {
-               private boolean open;
-               private BitVector inputValues;
-
-               private ReadWriteEnd()
-               {
-                       super();
-                       open = true;
-                       initValues();
-                       registerInput(this);
-               }
-
-               private void initValues()
-               {
-                       inputValues = U.toVector(length);
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * Sets the wires values. This takes up time, as specified by the {@link Wire}s travel time.
-                * 
-                * @param newValues The new values the wires should take on.
-                * 
-                * @author Fabian Stemmler
-                */
-               public void feedSignals(Bit... newValues)
-               {
-                       feedSignals(BitVector.of(newValues));
-               }
-
-               public void feedSignals(BitVector newValues)
-               {
-                       if (newValues.length() != length)
-                               throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                                               String.format("Attempted to input %d bits instead of %d bits.", newValues.length(), length));
-                       if (!open)
-                               throw new RuntimeException("Attempted to write to closed WireArrayEnd.");
-                       timeline.addEvent(e -> setValues(newValues), travelTime);
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * Sets values of a subarray of wires. This takes up time, as specified by the {@link Wire}s travel time.
-                * 
-                * @param bitVector   The new values the wires should take on.
-                * @param startingBit The first index of the subarray of wires.
-                * 
-                * @author Fabian Stemmler
-                */
-               public void feedSignals(int startingBit, BitVector bitVector)
-               {
-                       if (!open)
-                               throw new RuntimeException("Attempted to write to closed WireArrayEnd.");
-                       timeline.addEvent(e -> setValues(startingBit, bitVector), travelTime);
-               }
-
-               private void setValues(int startingBit, BitVector newValues)
-               {
-                       // index check covered in equals
-                       if (!inputValues.equalsWithOffset(newValues, startingBit))
-                       {
-                               Bit[] vals = inputValues.getBits();
-                               System.arraycopy(newValues.getBits(), 0, vals, startingBit, newValues.length());
-                               inputValues = BitVector.of(vals);
-                               Wire.this.recalculate();
-                       }
-               }
-
-               private void setValues(BitVector newValues)
-               {
-                       if (inputValues.equals(newValues))
-                               return;
-                       inputValues = newValues;
-                       Wire.this.recalculate();
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * @return The value (of bit 0) the {@link ReadEnd} is currently feeding into the associated {@link Wire}.
-                */
-               public Bit getInputValue()
-               {
-                       return getInputValue(0);
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * @return The value which the {@link ReadEnd} is currently feeding into the associated {@link Wire} at the indexed {@link Bit}.
-                */
-               public Bit getInputValue(int index)
-               {
-                       return inputValues.getBit(index);
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * @return A copy (safe to modify) of the values the {@link ReadEnd} is currently feeding into the associated {@link Wire}.
-                */
-               public BitVector getInputValues()
-               {
-                       return getInputValues(0, length);
-               }
-
-               public BitVector getInputValues(int start, int end)
-               {
-                       return inputValues.subVector(start, end);
-               }
-
-               /**
-                * {@link ReadEnd} now feeds Z into the associated {@link Wire}.
-                */
-               public void clearSignals()
-               {
-                       feedSignals(Z.toVector(length));
-               }
-
-               public BitVector wireValuesExcludingMe()
-               {
-                       BitVectorMutator mutator = BitVectorMutator.empty();
-                       for (ReadWriteEnd wireEnd : inputs)
-                       {
-                               if (wireEnd == this)
-                                       continue;
-                               mutator.join(wireEnd.inputValues);
-                       }
-                       return mutator.get();
-               }
-
-               @Override
-               public String toString()
-               {
-                       return inputValues.toString();
-               }
-       }
-
-       @Override
-       public String toString()
-       {
-               return String.format("wire 0x%08x value: %s inputs: %s", hashCode(), values, inputs);
-               // Arrays.toString(values), inputs.stream().map(i -> Arrays.toString(i.inputValues)).reduce((s1, s2) -> s1 + s2)
-       }
-
-       public static ReadEnd[] extractEnds(Wire[] w)
-       {
-               ReadEnd[] inputs = new ReadEnd[w.length];
-               for (int i = 0; i < w.length; i++)
-                       inputs[i] = w[i].createReadWriteEnd();
-               return inputs;
-       }
+package net.mograsim.logic.core.wires;\r
+\r
+import static net.mograsim.logic.core.types.Bit.U;\r
+import static net.mograsim.logic.core.types.Bit.Z;\r
+\r
+import java.util.ArrayList;\r
+import java.util.List;\r
+\r
+import net.mograsim.logic.core.LogicObservable;\r
+import net.mograsim.logic.core.LogicObserver;\r
+import net.mograsim.logic.core.timeline.Timeline;\r
+import net.mograsim.logic.core.types.Bit;\r
+import net.mograsim.logic.core.types.BitVector;\r
+import net.mograsim.logic.core.types.BitVector.BitVectorMutator;\r
+\r
+/**\r
+ * Represents an array of wires that can store n bits of information.\r
+ * \r
+ * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+ *\r
+ */\r
+public class Wire\r
+{\r
+       public final String name;\r
+       private BitVector values;\r
+       public final int travelTime;\r
+       private List<ReadEnd> attached = new ArrayList<>();\r
+       public final int length;\r
+       List<ReadWriteEnd> inputs = new ArrayList<>();\r
+       Timeline timeline;\r
+\r
+       public Wire(Timeline timeline, int length, int travelTime)\r
+       {\r
+               this(timeline, length, travelTime, null);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       public Wire(Timeline timeline, int length, int travelTime, String name)\r
+       {\r
+               if (length < 1)\r
+                       throw new IllegalArgumentException(\r
+                                       String.format("Tried to create an array of wires with length %d, but a length of less than 1 makes no sense.", length));\r
+               this.name = name;\r
+               this.timeline = timeline;\r
+               this.length = length;\r
+               this.travelTime = travelTime;\r
+               initValues();\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       private void initValues()\r
+       {\r
+               values = U.toVector(length);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       private void setNewValues(BitVector newValues)\r
+       {\r
+               if (values.equals(newValues))\r
+                       return;\r
+//             BitVector oldValues = values;\r
+               values = newValues;\r
+               notifyObservers();\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       void recalculate()\r
+       {\r
+               if (inputs.size() == 0)\r
+                       setNewValues(BitVector.of(Bit.U, length));\r
+               else\r
+               {\r
+                       BitVectorMutator mutator = BitVectorMutator.empty();\r
+                       for (ReadWriteEnd wireArrayEnd : inputs)\r
+                               mutator.join(wireArrayEnd.getInputValues());\r
+                       setNewValues(mutator.toBitVector());\r
+               }\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * Forces a Wire to take on specific values. If the new values differ from the old ones, the observers of the Wire will be notified.\r
+        * WARNING! Use this with care! The preferred way of writing the values is ReadWriteEnd.feedSignals(BitVector)\r
+        * \r
+        * @param values The values the <code>Wire</code> will have immediately after this method is called\r
+        */\r
+       public void forceValues(BitVector values)\r
+       {\r
+               setNewValues(values);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as an unsigned integer with n bits.\r
+        * \r
+        * @return <code>true</code> if all bits are either <code>Bit.ONE</code> or <code>Bit.ZERO</code> (they do not all have to have the same\r
+        *         value), not <code>Bit.X</code> or <code>Bit.Z</code>. <code>false</code> is returned otherwise.\r
+        * \r
+        * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+        */\r
+       public boolean hasNumericValue()\r
+       {\r
+               for (Bit b : values)\r
+               {\r
+                       if (b != Bit.ZERO && b != Bit.ONE)\r
+                               return false;\r
+               }\r
+               return true;\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as an unsigned integer with n bits.\r
+        * \r
+        * @return The unsigned value of the {@link Wire}'s bits, where value 0 corresponds with 2^0, value 1 is 2^1 and so on.\r
+        * \r
+        * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+        */\r
+       public long getUnsignedValue()\r
+       {\r
+               long val = 0;\r
+               long mask = 1;\r
+               for (Bit bit : values)\r
+               {\r
+                       switch (bit)\r
+                       {\r
+                       default:\r
+                       case Z:\r
+                       case X:\r
+                               return 0; // TODO: Proper handling for getUnsignedValue(), if not all bits are 1 or 0;\r
+                       case ONE:\r
+                               val |= mask;\r
+                               break;\r
+                       case ZERO:\r
+                       }\r
+                       mask = mask << 1;\r
+               }\r
+               return val;\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as a signed integer with n bits.\r
+        * \r
+        * @return The signed value of the {@link Wire}'s bits, where value 0 corresponds with 2^0, value 1 is 2^1 and so on.\r
+        * \r
+        * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+        */\r
+       public long getSignedValue()\r
+       {\r
+               long val = getUnsignedValue();\r
+               long mask = 1 << (length - 1);\r
+               if ((mask & val) != 0)\r
+               {\r
+                       int shifts = 64 - length;\r
+                       return (val << shifts) >> shifts;\r
+               }\r
+               return val;\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * Returns the least significant bit (LSB)\r
+        */\r
+       public Bit getValue()\r
+       {\r
+               return getValue(0);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * Returns the least significant bit (LSB) of the given index\r
+        */\r
+       public Bit getValue(int index)\r
+       {\r
+               return values.getLSBit(index);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       public BitVector getValues(int start, int end)\r
+       {\r
+               return values.subVector(start, end);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       public BitVector getValues()\r
+       {\r
+               return values;\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * Adds an {@link LogicObserver}, who will be notified when the value of the {@link Wire} is updated.\r
+        * \r
+        * @param ob The {@link LogicObserver} to be notified of changes.\r
+        * @return true if the given {@link LogicObserver} was not already registered, false otherwise\r
+        * \r
+        * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+        */\r
+       void attachEnd(ReadEnd end)\r
+       {\r
+               attached.add(end);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       void detachEnd(ReadEnd end)\r
+       {\r
+               attached.remove(end);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       private void notifyObservers()\r
+       {\r
+               attached.forEach(r -> r.update());\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * Create and register a {@link ReadWriteEnd} object, which is tied to this {@link Wire}. This {@link ReadWriteEnd} can be written to.\r
+        */\r
+       public ReadWriteEnd createReadWriteEnd()\r
+       {\r
+               return new ReadWriteEnd();\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * Create a {@link ReadEnd} object, which is tied to this {@link Wire}. This {@link ReadEnd} cannot be written to.\r
+        */\r
+       public ReadEnd createReadOnlyEnd()\r
+       {\r
+               return new ReadEnd();\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       void registerInput(ReadWriteEnd toRegister)\r
+       {\r
+               inputs.add(toRegister);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * A {@link ReadEnd} feeds a constant signal into the {@link Wire} it is tied to. The combination of all inputs determines the\r
+        * {@link Wire}s final value. X dominates all other inputs Z does not affect the final value, unless there are no other inputs than Z 0\r
+        * and 1 turn into X when they are mixed\r
+        * \r
+        * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+        */\r
+       public class ReadEnd implements LogicObservable\r
+       {\r
+               private List<LogicObserver> observers = new ArrayList<>();\r
+\r
+               ReadEnd()\r
+               {\r
+                       super();\r
+                       Wire.this.attachEnd(this);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               public void update()\r
+               {\r
+                       notifyObservers();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * Included for convenient use on {@link Wire}s of length 1.\r
+                * \r
+                * @return The value of bit 0.\r
+                * \r
+                * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+                */\r
+               public Bit getValue()\r
+               {\r
+                       return Wire.this.getValue();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * @param index Index of the requested bit.\r
+                * @return The value of the indexed bit.\r
+                * \r
+                * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+                */\r
+               public Bit getValue(int index)\r
+               {\r
+                       return Wire.this.getValue(index);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * @param index Index of the requested bit.\r
+                * @return The value of the indexed bit.\r
+                * \r
+                * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+                */\r
+               public BitVector getValues()\r
+               {\r
+                       return Wire.this.getValues();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * @param start Start of the wanted segment. (inclusive)\r
+                * @param end   End of the wanted segment. (exclusive)\r
+                * @return The values of the segment of {@link Bit}s indexed.\r
+                * \r
+                * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+                */\r
+               public BitVector getValues(int start, int end)\r
+               {\r
+                       return Wire.this.getValues(start, end);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as an unsigned integer with n bits.\r
+                * \r
+                * @return <code>true</code> if all bits are either <code>Bit.ONE</code> or <code>Bit.ZERO</code> (they do not all have to have the\r
+                *         same value), not <code>Bit.X</code> or <code>Bit.Z</code>. <code>false</code> is returned otherwise.\r
+                * \r
+                * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+                */\r
+               public boolean hasNumericValue()\r
+               {\r
+                       return Wire.this.hasNumericValue();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as an unsigned integer with n bits.\r
+                * \r
+                * @return The unsigned value of the {@link Wire}'s bits, where value 0 corresponds with 2^0, value 1 is 2^1 and so on.\r
+                * \r
+                * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+                */\r
+               public long getUnsignedValue()\r
+               {\r
+                       return Wire.this.getUnsignedValue();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * The {@link Wire} is interpreted as a signed integer with n bits.\r
+                * \r
+                * @return The signed value of the {@link Wire}'s bits, where value 0 corresponds with 2^0, value 1 is 2^1 and so on.\r
+                * \r
+                * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+                */\r
+               public long getSignedValue()\r
+               {\r
+                       return Wire.this.getSignedValue();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               @Override\r
+               public String toString()\r
+               {\r
+                       return Wire.this.toString();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               public void close()\r
+               {\r
+                       inputs.remove(this);\r
+                       detachEnd(this);\r
+                       recalculate();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               public int length()\r
+               {\r
+                       return length;\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               public Wire getWire()\r
+               {\r
+                       return Wire.this;\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               @Override\r
+               public void registerObserver(LogicObserver ob)\r
+               {\r
+                       observers.add(ob);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               @Override\r
+               public void deregisterObserver(LogicObserver ob)\r
+               {\r
+                       observers.remove(ob);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               @Override\r
+               public void notifyObservers()\r
+               {\r
+                       observers.forEach(ob -> ob.update(this));\r
+               }\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       public class ReadWriteEnd extends ReadEnd\r
+       {\r
+               private boolean open, isWriting;\r
+               private BitVector inputValues;\r
+\r
+               ReadWriteEnd()\r
+               {\r
+                       super();\r
+                       open = true;\r
+                       isWriting = true;\r
+                       initValues();\r
+                       registerInput(this);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               private void initValues()\r
+               {\r
+                       inputValues = U.toVector(length);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * Sets the wires values. This takes up time, as specified by the {@link Wire}s travel time.\r
+                * \r
+                * @param newValues The new values the wires should take on.\r
+                * \r
+                * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+                */\r
+               public void feedSignals(Bit... newValues)\r
+               {\r
+                       feedSignals(BitVector.of(newValues));\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               public void feedSignals(BitVector newValues)\r
+               {\r
+                       if (newValues.length() != length)\r
+                               throw new IllegalArgumentException(\r
+                                               String.format("Attempted to input %d bits instead of %d bits.", newValues.length(), length));\r
+                       if (!open)\r
+                               throw new RuntimeException("Attempted to write to closed WireArrayEnd.");\r
+                       timeline.addEvent(e -> setValues(newValues), travelTime);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * Sets values of a subarray of wires. This takes up time, as specified by the {@link Wire}s travel time.\r
+                * \r
+                * @param bitVector   The new values the wires should take on.\r
+                * @param startingBit The first index of the subarray of wires.\r
+                * \r
+                * @author Fabian Stemmler\r
+                */\r
+               public void feedSignals(int startingBit, BitVector bitVector)\r
+               {\r
+                       if (!open)\r
+                               throw new RuntimeException("Attempted to write to closed WireArrayEnd.");\r
+                       timeline.addEvent(e -> setValues(startingBit, bitVector), travelTime);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * Sets the values that are being fed into the {@link Wire}. The preferred way of setting {@link ReadWriteEnd} values is via\r
+                * feedValues(...) with a delay.\r
+                */\r
+               void setValues(int startingBit, BitVector newValues)\r
+               {\r
+                       // index check covered in equals\r
+                       if (!inputValues.equalsWithOffset(newValues, startingBit))\r
+                       {\r
+                               Bit[] vals = inputValues.getBits();\r
+                               System.arraycopy(newValues.getBits(), 0, vals, startingBit, newValues.length());\r
+                               inputValues = BitVector.of(vals);\r
+                               Wire.this.recalculate();\r
+                       }\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * Sets the values that are being fed into the {@link Wire}. The preferred way of setting {@link ReadWriteEnd} values is via\r
+                * feedValues(...) with a delay.\r
+                */\r
+               void setValues(BitVector newValues)\r
+               {\r
+                       if (inputValues.equals(newValues))\r
+                               return;\r
+                       inputValues = newValues;\r
+                       Wire.this.recalculate();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * @return The value (of bit 0) the {@link ReadEnd} is currently feeding into the associated {@link Wire}.Returns the least\r
+                *         significant bit (LSB)\r
+                */\r
+               public Bit getInputValue()\r
+               {\r
+                       return getInputValue(0);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * @return The value which the {@link ReadEnd} is currently feeding into the associated {@link Wire} at the indexed {@link Bit}.\r
+                *         Returns the least significant bit (LSB)\r
+                * \r
+                */\r
+               public Bit getInputValue(int index)\r
+               {\r
+                       return inputValues.getLSBit(index);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * @return A copy (safe to modify) of the values the {@link ReadEnd} is currently feeding into the associated {@link Wire}.\r
+                */\r
+               public BitVector getInputValues()\r
+               {\r
+                       return inputValues;\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               public BitVector getInputValues(int start, int end)\r
+               {\r
+                       return inputValues.subVector(start, end);\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               /**\r
+                * {@link ReadEnd} now feeds Z into the associated {@link Wire}.\r
+                */\r
+               public void clearSignals()\r
+               {\r
+                       feedSignals(Z.toVector(length));\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               public BitVector wireValuesExcludingMe()\r
+               {\r
+                       BitVectorMutator mutator = BitVectorMutator.empty();\r
+                       for (ReadWriteEnd wireEnd : inputs)\r
+                       {\r
+                               if (wireEnd == this)\r
+                                       continue;\r
+                               mutator.join(wireEnd.inputValues);\r
+                       }\r
+                       return mutator.toBitVector();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               @Override\r
+               public String toString()\r
+               {\r
+                       return inputValues.toString();\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               @Override\r
+               public void close()\r
+               {\r
+                       super.close();\r
+                       open = false;\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               void setWriting(boolean isWriting)\r
+               {\r
+                       if (this.isWriting != isWriting)\r
+                       {\r
+                               this.isWriting = isWriting;\r
+                               if (isWriting)\r
+                                       inputs.add(this);\r
+                               else\r
+                                       inputs.remove(this);\r
+                               Wire.this.recalculate();\r
+                       }\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               boolean isWriting()\r
+               {\r
+                       return isWriting;\r
+               }\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       @Override\r
+       public String toString()\r
+       {\r
+               String name = this.name == null ? String.format("0x%08x", hashCode()) : this.name;\r
+               return String.format("wire %s value: %s inputs: %s", name, values, inputs);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       public static ReadEnd[] extractEnds(Wire[] w)\r
+       {\r
+               ReadEnd[] inputs = new ReadEnd[w.length];\r
+               for (int i = 0; i < w.length; i++)\r
+                       inputs[i] = w[i].createReadWriteEnd();\r
+               return inputs;\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       // TODO Fix ReadWriteEnd feeding signals to entire Wire (Z) instead of only selected Bits\r
+       /**\r
+        * Fuses the selected bits of two wires together. If the bits change in one Wire, the other is changed accordingly immediately. Warning:\r
+        * The bits are permanently fused together.\r
+        * \r
+        * @param a      The {@link Wire} to be (partially) fused with b\r
+        * @param b      The {@link Wire} to be (partially) fused with a\r
+        * @param fromA  The first bit of {@link Wire} a to be fused\r
+        * @param fromB  The first bit of {@link Wire} b to be fused\r
+        * @param length The amount of bits to fuse\r
+        */\r
+       public static void fuse(Wire a, Wire b, int fromA, int fromB, int length)\r
+       {\r
+               ReadWriteEnd rA = a.createReadWriteEnd(), rB = b.createReadWriteEnd();\r
+               rA.setWriting(false);\r
+               rB.setWriting(false);\r
+               rA.setValues(BitVector.of(Bit.Z, a.length));\r
+               rB.setValues(BitVector.of(Bit.Z, b.length));\r
+               Fusion aF = new Fusion(rB, fromA, fromB, length), bF = new Fusion(rA, fromB, fromA, length);\r
+               rA.registerObserver(aF);\r
+               rB.registerObserver(bF);\r
+               aF.update(rA);\r
+               bF.update(rB);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       /**\r
+        * \r
+        * Fuses two wires together. If the bits change in one Wire, the other is changed accordingly immediately. Warning: The bits are\r
+        * permanently fused together.\r
+        * \r
+        * @param a The {@link Wire} to be fused with b\r
+        * @param b The {@link Wire} to be fused with a\r
+        */\r
+       public static void fuse(Wire a, Wire b)\r
+       {\r
+               fuse(a, b, 0, 0, a.length);\r
+       }\r
+\r
+       private static class Fusion implements LogicObserver\r
+       {\r
+               private ReadWriteEnd target;\r
+               int fromSource, fromTarget, length;\r
+\r
+               public Fusion(ReadWriteEnd target, int fromSource, int fromTarget, int length)\r
+               {\r
+                       this.target = target;\r
+                       this.fromSource = fromSource;\r
+                       this.fromTarget = fromTarget;\r
+                       this.length = length;\r
+               }\r
+\r
+               @Override\r
+               public void update(LogicObservable initiator)\r
+               {\r
+                       ReadWriteEnd source = (ReadWriteEnd) initiator;\r
+                       if (source.getWire().inputs.size() - (source.isWriting() ? 1 : 0) == 0)\r
+                               target.setWriting(false);\r
+                       else\r
+                       {\r
+                               target.setWriting(true);\r
+                               BitVector targetInput = source.wireValuesExcludingMe().subVector(fromSource, fromSource + length);\r
+                               target.setValues(fromTarget, targetInput);\r
+                       }\r
+               }\r
+       }\r
 }
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